Maternal and fetal outcomes Across clinical severity groups in Preeclampsia and eclampsia
DOI 10.66715/jsccr/2026.v3.i3.109114 | Research Article | 2026 | Volume 3 | Issue 3 | Page 109-114
Koladiya Rakesh Kumar Dhirubhai, PhD Research Scholar; Department of Anatomy, Index Medical College and Hospitals, Indore, M.P., India
Peter Jasper Youtham, Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Index Medical College and Hospitals, Indore, M.P., India
Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia are associated with maternal morbidity, impaired fetal growth and early delivery. Outcome estimates require separation of disease severity, clinical management and the underlying obstetric case mix. Objective: To compare selected maternal and fetal outcomes across four clinical groups in a single-centre thesis cohort.
Methods: The cross-sectional cohort comprised 120 normotensive controls and 40 pregnancies each classified as mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia and eclampsia at Index Medical College and Hospitals, Indore. Frequencies were transcribed from the final thesis. Crude odds ratios and 95%confidence intervals were recalculated from the event counts. Analyses were unadjusted; seven outcome-level comparisons were evaluated with Holm adjustment.
Results: Preterm delivery occurred in 11.7%, 45.0%, 57.5%, and 75.0% of the control, mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, and eclampsia groups, respectively. Fetal growth restriction was recorded in 14.2%, 32.5%, 45.0%, and 55.0%, while low birth weight (<2500 g) occurred in 29.2%, 45.0%, 75.0%, and 87.5%. Compared with controls, the eclampsia group had higher unadjusted odds of preterm delivery (OR 22.71; 95% CI 9.17–56.27), fetal growth restriction (OR 7.41; 95% CI 3.30–16.60), and low birth weight (OR 17.00; 95% CI 6.15–46.97). Postpartum hemorrhage occurred in 6.7%, 15.0%, 30.0%, and 35.0%, respectively. The groups also differed in primigravidity and antenatal care attendance..
Conclusion: The study found that adverse outcomes increased with disease severity. These findings show associations and do not establish independent risks or treatment effects.
Keywords: preeclampsia; eclampsia; preterm delivery; fetal growth restriction; low birth weight; obstetric hemorrhage